Hydrogen Water Kills Harmful Bacteria Linked to Gum Disease

Authors
Journal
Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
Year
DOI
10.4103/jisp.jisp_317_20
Study Type
Human
Outcome
Positive
Peer Reviewed
Yes
Country
India
Health Condition
Chronic Periodontitis
Body System
Oral

TL;DR

Hydrogen water can reduce the bacteria in dental plaque that contributes to gum disease.

Key Finding

Hydrogen water significantly reduced bacterial counts in plaque samples from periodontitis patients within 1–5 minutes of exposure, affecting both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.

Summary

Researchers tested whether hydrogen water could kill bacteria found in plaque samples from patients with gum disease (periodontitis). They exposed plaque samples to hydrogen water for different lengths of time and counted how many bacteria survived. Hydrogen water reduced the number of both oxygen-loving and oxygen-avoiding bacteria within 1 to 5 minutes, suggesting it may have antibacterial properties.

Practical Takeaway

This small laboratory study (20 patients) shows hydrogen water can kill bacteria associated with gum disease in a test tube, but this does not yet prove it would work the same way in a person's mouth. More research, including actual clinical trials where people use hydrogen water as a rinse or treatment, would be needed to determine if it could help treat periodontitis in real-world conditions.

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease causing destruction of tissues surrounding the teeth. The primary etiological factor for periodontitis is plaque. An inference could be drawn that an overall reduction in microorganisms halts disease progression. It is desirable to have natural agents with minimal side effects to reduce the microbial load. Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the effect of hydrogen water on microbial count in plaque obtained from chronic periodontitis patients and to determine the antibacterial activity of hydrogen water at various time intervals. Materials and Methods: A total of twenty chronic periodontitis patients were included after obtaining approval from the institutional ethical committee. Written informed consent was obtained from all the twenty participants. Plaque samples were collected and exposed to hydrogen water at baseline, 1 min, 2 min 30 s, and 5 min. Samples were then cultured on blood agar and incubated in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The colony forming units and total bacterial count were recorded after 24–48 h. Statistical Analysis: Intragroup pair-wise comparison was done using Wilcoxon sign-ranked test. Results: Hydrogen water showed antibacterial activity against aerobic and anaerobic organisms associated with chronic periodontitis. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of colony forming units from baseline to 1 and 2.5 min for the aerobic culture and also for baseline to 1, 2.5, and 5 min for the anaerobic culture. Conclusion: The data of the present study indicate that hydrogen water has an antibacterial effect on microorganisms associated with chronic periodontitis.