Hydrogen Therapy Shows Promise for Heart Failure Treatment
- Authors
- Daria Kornieieva, Barbora Kalocayova, Jan Slezak, Branislav Kura
- Journal
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Year
- 2025
- DOI
- 10.3390/ijms262311574
- Study Type
- clinical
- Peer Reviewed
- Yes
- Country
- Slovakia
- Health Condition
- Heart Failure
- Body System
- Cardiovascular
TL;DR
Scientists reviewed research showing that a super simple molecule called hydrogen gas might help protect damaged hearts by reducing inflammation and stress at the cellular level, though they need to do more testing before doctors can actually use it to treat heart failure patients.
Key Finding
Molecular hydrogen demonstrated cardioprotective effects in various heart failure models by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death, and may help prevent harmful changes to heart structure such as enlargement and scarring.
Summary
This review examined research on molecular hydrogen (H2)—a simple gas that may have protective effects on the heart—in different types of heart failure models. Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump blood effectively, and current treatments don't address all the underlying problems. The review found that across multiple studies, hydrogen appeared to reduce oxidative stress (cellular damage from unstable molecules), inflammation, and cell death in heart tissue, and may help prevent harmful changes to heart structure. However, the authors note this research area is still very early, and more clinical testing in humans is needed.
Practical Takeaway
While these findings are encouraging, this is a review of mostly laboratory and animal studies, not human trials. The authors explicitly state this research is still in its early stages and that clinical feasibility and effectiveness in actual patients remain to be established. Anyone interested in hydrogen water for heart health should await results from human clinical trials before drawing conclusions.
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is increasing in prevalence in many countries around the world. HF is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by the heart's inability to pump blood effectively, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. After an initial cardiac event (e.g., myocardial infarction, valve dysfunction, hypertension, etc.), adaptive mechanisms are activated to preserve cardiac function. Sustained activation of these mechanisms leads to cellular and structural changes involving cardiac remodeling and hypertrophy. This ultimately leads to impaired cardiac contractility and reduced cardiac output, with a 5-year HF-associated mortality rate up to 75%. The current treatment strategies for HF are not sufficient to cover all the underlying complex mechanisms. It has been demonstrated that molecular hydrogen (H2) exerts cardioprotective effects via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic action. The number of studies exploring beneficial effects of H2 in different HF models is increasing. This is the first review summarizing the knowledge in this field. The available literature indicates that H2 may be effective in mitigating different HF pathologies via regulating cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation, cardiomyocyte death, and mitochondrial function/cell metabolism, as well as cardiac remodeling, including hypertrophy and fibrosis. As this area of research is still in its infancy, the feasibility and efficiency of H2 treatment in different HF types need further investigation.