Hydrogen Water Shows Promise for Rheumatoid Arthritis Lung Disease

Authors
Journal
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
Year
DOI
10.1111/jcmm.14603
Study Type
Mouse
Outcome
Positive
Peer Reviewed
Yes
Country
Japan
Health Condition
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Body System
Respiratory

TL;DR

Breathing in molecular hydrogen (H2) gas reduced lung damage in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis-associated lung disease.

Key Finding

Hydrogen-enriched water reduced lung inflammation and fibrosis in mice with a rheumatoid arthritis-related lung disease by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammatory markers.

Summary

Researchers used genetically modified mice that develop a lung disease similar to what occurs in rheumatoid arthritis patients. They gave some mice hydrogen-enriched water while others received regular water, then studied how the lungs developed over time. Mice that received hydrogen water showed less inflammation and scarring in their lungs, along with reduced levels of harmful molecules and inflammatory proteins compared to control mice.

Practical Takeaway

This early evidence from mice suggests hydrogen water may help protect against lung complications in rheumatoid arthritis, but this is a preliminary animal study. Human clinical trials would be needed to determine whether these results apply to people with the disease.

Abstract

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)‐associated interstitial lung disease (ILD), a primary cause of mortality in patients with RA, has limited treatment options. A previously established RA model in D1CC transgenic mice aberrantly expressed major histocompatibility complex class II genes in joints, developing collagen II‐induced polyarthritis and anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and interstitial pneumonitis, similar to those in humans. Molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) is an efficient antioxidant that permeates cell membranes and alleviates the reactive oxygen species‐induced injury implicated in RA pathogenesis. We used D1CC mice to analyse chronic lung fibrosis development and evaluate H 2 treatment effects. We injected D1CC mice with type II collagen and supplied them with H 2 ‐rich or control water until analysis. Increased serum surfactant protein D values and lung densities images were observed 10 months after injection. Inflammation was patchy within the perilymphatic stromal area, with increased 8‐hydroxy‐2ʹ‐deoxyguanosine‐positive cell numbers and tumour necrosis factor‐α, BAX, transforming growth factor‐β, interleukin‐6 and soluble collagen levels in the lungs. Inflammatory and fibrotic changes developed diffusely within the perilymphatic stromal area, as observed in humans. H 2 treatment decreased these effects in the lungs. Thus, this model is valuable for studying the effects of H 2 treatment and chronic interstitial pneumonia pathophysiology in humans. H 2 appears to protect against RA‐ILD by alleviating oxidative stress.