Hydrogen Therapy Protects Heart from Radiation Damage in Rats

Authors
Journal
Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
Year
DOI
10.1139/cjpp-2025-0085
Study Type
Rat
Outcome
Positive
Peer Reviewed
Yes
Country
Slovakia
Health Condition
Radiation-Induced Heart Disease
Body System
Cardiovascular

TL;DR

Hydrogen reduced radiation-induced cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation, with inhalation showing stronger effects than hydrogen-rich water in a rat model.

Key Finding

Both hydrogen-rich water and hydrogen gas inhalation reduced radiation-induced heart damage and oxidative stress in rats, with hydrogen gas inhalation showing a more pronounced protective effect.

Summary

Researchers exposed rats to chest radiation to mimic the heart damage that can occur in cancer patients receiving radiation therapy. They then gave some rats hydrogen either through drinking hydrogen-rich water or breathing hydrogen gas. Both methods reduced markers of cell damage and inflammation in the heart, with hydrogen gas inhalation showing a stronger effect. This suggests hydrogen might help protect the heart from radiation damage, though the study was only done in rats.

Practical Takeaway

This rat study suggests hydrogen administration may help mitigate heart damage from radiation exposure, but it is early-stage research. Human studies would be needed to determine if these findings apply to cancer patients undergoing chest radiation therapy. The study does not provide evidence that hydrogen water or gas would be beneficial for people without radiation exposure.

Abstract

Ionizing radiation is a known risk factor for the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, particularly in patients receiving thoracic radiotherapy. This exposure leads to oxidative stress and inflammation, which can damage cardiac tissue and vascular endothelium. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has been recognized for its therapeutic potential, including antioxidant effects. In this study, male Wistar rats were irradiated with a dose of 10 Gy (X-rays) in the chest area. Two and 9 days post-irradiation, significant increases in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), catalase, glutathione peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde, superoxide, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels were observed in the rat blood plasma or heart tissue. Administration of H2 either via drinking H2-rich water (min. 4 mg/L) or inhaling H2 in air (4%), effectively decreased oxidative stress, LDH, and inflammatory proteins to normal levels. H2 also normalized the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-associating protein 1 (Nrf2/Keap1) pathway, an important antioxidative response regulator activated by irradiation. Based on these results, we can conclude that H2 administration through both routes mitigated heart damage caused by irradiation after 2 and 9 days. The mitigating effect exerted more pronounced trend with H2 gas inhalation, but further research is needed for statistically relevant data and mechanistic insights.