Ultrasound-Guided Hydrogen Therapy Prevents Memory Loss After Surgery

Authors
Journal
Advanced Science
Year
DOI
10.1002/advs.202414397
Study Type
Mouse
Outcome
Positive
Peer Reviewed
Yes
Country
China
Health Condition
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction
Body System
Nervous System

TL;DR

Scientists have developed a new treatment using ultrasound and hydrogen-gene therapy to reduce brain inflammation and prevent memory problems after surgery.

Key Finding

Ultrasound-assisted hydrogen-gene therapy significantly reduced brain inflammation and improved memory and object recognition in animal models of post-surgery cognitive impairment.

Summary

Researchers developed a new treatment that uses ultrasound to deliver hydrogen and genetic material directly to the brain to prevent cognitive problems that sometimes occur after surgery. In mouse and rat studies, this treatment reduced brain inflammation and improved memory and recognition abilities after surgery by eliminating harmful molecules and reducing a protein associated with cognitive decline.

Practical Takeaway

This is early-stage research conducted only in mice and rats, so it cannot yet be applied to humans. While the results suggest hydrogen may help protect cognitive function after surgery by reducing brain inflammation, much more research—including human trials—would be needed before this approach could be considered for clinical use.

Abstract

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) frequently occurs after surgery, resulting in extended hospitalizations, higher healthcare expenses, and potential long-term cognitive impairment. Despite its significant impact, effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for POCD are still lacking. Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of POCD. To address this, a H2 emitter is developed that employs hydrogen-gene therapy facilitated by ultrasound, allowing for the repair of the neuroinflammatory microenvironment in a spatiotemporally controllable manner to effectively prevent anesthesia/surgery-induced cognitive impairment. Utilizing focused ultrasound, the blood-brain barrier can be opened in a controlled manner, enabling the efficient delivery of hydrogen emitters (HPPS) carrying siRNA to the site of neuroinflammation. On one hand, the hydrogen emitter effectively generates hydrogen to eliminate excess hydroxyl radicals; on the other hand, it utilizes siRNA to target and reduce tau protein phosphorylation. This targeted hydrogen-gene therapy strategy has been demonstrated in both mouse and rat postoperative models to significantly reduce neuroinflammation and improve postoperative spatial memory as well as object recognition. This study introduces a novel and effective strategy for preventing anesthesia/surgery-induced cognitive impairment and offering new insights for the treatment of other neuroinflammatory diseases.