Hydrogen Water Protects Brain from Lead Poisoning Damage
- Authors
- Melad G. Paulis, Osama A. Hassan, Mohmed F. Abbass, Mostafa Abo-Al Hamad Mohammad
- Journal
- Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
- Year
- 2018
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.04.004
- Study Type
- Rat
- Outcome
- Positive
- Peer Reviewed
- Yes
- Country
- Egypt
- Health Condition
- Lead Poisoning
- Body System
- Nervous System
TL;DR
Drinking hydrogen-rich water (HRW) can help protect rat brains from the damaging effects of lead exposure.
Key Finding
In rats exposed to lead, hydrogen-rich water restored antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced oxidative stress markers, and decreased neuronal cell death in the hippocampus.
Summary
Researchers exposed rats to lead (a toxic metal) for 8 weeks and tested whether hydrogen-rich water could protect brain cells in a region called the hippocampus. Lead caused damage by increasing harmful molecules called free radicals and triggering cell death. Hydrogen-rich water restored the brain's natural defense systems (antioxidant enzymes) and reduced signs of cell death, though it did not affect another protective molecule called nitric oxide.
Practical Takeaway
This rat study suggests hydrogen-rich water may help protect brain cells from lead-induced damage, but human studies are needed to determine if this benefit applies to people. The findings are preliminary and do not yet support using hydrogen water as a treatment for lead exposure; conventional medical approaches remain the appropriate first-line response to lead poisoning.
Abstract
Despite the well-known toxicity and the efforts to control its exposure, lead still has a serious health concern, particularly in young ages. Chelation therapy cannot correct the neurocognitive effects of chronic exposure. So, there is a requirement to test different protective agents for lead intoxication. Hydrogen-rich water (HRW) has gained attraction recently as an antioxidant. Four groups of rats received sodium acetate, HRW, lead acetate (LA), or LA plus HRW for 8 weeks. Oxidative stress, histological and immunohistochemistry using p53 antibody were used to investigate the toxic effect of lead and the possible HRW protective effect in rat hippocampus. Results showed that HRW corrected the elevated malondialdehyde levels (MDA) and restore the lead-induced depletion of antioxidant enzymes; glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). HRW does not affect the diminished nitric oxide (NO) level in the LA-treated group. Moreover, HRW reversed the LA-induced histological and immunohistochemical changes. It significantly decreased the percentage of the apoptotic index. We concluded that HRW protects the neurons against lead-induced oxidative stress and has anti-apoptotic effects without a noticeable change in NO level which already was diminished by LA.