Hydrogen Gas Inhalation Shows No Benefit for Parkinson's Disease

Authors
Journal
Neurological Sciences
Year
DOI
10.1007/s10072-021-05489-4
Study Type
Human
Outcome
Neutral
Peer Reviewed
Yes
Country
Japan
Health Condition
Parkinson's Disease
Body System
Nervous System

TL;DR

Inhaling hydrogen gas did not improve symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients, although it was found to be safe.

Key Finding

Hydrogen gas inhalation was safe and well-tolerated in Parkinson's disease patients, but did not produce statistically significant improvements in motor symptoms compared to placebo.

Summary

Researchers tested whether inhaling hydrogen gas could help people with Parkinson's disease, a condition where oxidative stress (cellular damage from unstable molecules) may play a role. Twenty Japanese patients inhaled either hydrogen gas or placebo air for 1 hour twice daily over 16 weeks. The study found no significant improvement in Parkinson's symptoms between the two groups, though hydrogen inhalation was safe with no side effects reported.

Practical Takeaway

While this small pilot study suggests hydrogen inhalation is safe for people with Parkinson's disease, it did not show the symptom improvements that animal studies had suggested. The study was limited by its small size (15 participants who completed it) and high dropout rate, so larger, better-designed trials would be needed before drawing firm conclusions about hydrogen's effectiveness for this condition.

Abstract

Abstract Background Oxidative stress is involved in the progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recent studies have confirmed that molecular hydrogen (H2) functions as a highly effective antioxidant in animal models of PD. A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group clinical pilot study was conducted to assess the efficacy of hydrogen gas inhalation in Japanese patients with PD on treatment with levodopa. Methods Twenty participants fulfilling the Movement Disorder Society criteria were enrolled. Participants inhaled 6.5 (0.1) vol% hydrogen gas in 2 L/min of mixed air or placebo air for 16 weeks, twice a day for 1 h. Results Five participants were excluded due to deviation from the protocol of the total duration of inhalation < 112 h. No significant differences were seen in the change in the total Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale score from baseline to the 16th week between the group that inhaled hydrogen gas and the group that inhaled placebo air (Mann–Whitney U test, p > 0.05). No adverse events were seen. The compliance to the protocol-based duration of inhalation time in all participants decreased with the elderly participants, the higher daily dose of levodopa, and the higher PDQ-39 items on emotions (n = 20, p < 0.05). Conclusion This pilot study revealed that the inhalation of molecular hydrogen gas was safe, but did not show any beneficial effects in patients with PD. Trial registration: UMIN ID: 000,039,217 (October 6, 2018)