Hydrogen Water Prevents Eye Damage from Chemical Burns in Rats
- Authors
- Momoko Kasamatsu, Takeshi Arima, Toyo Ikebukuro, Yuji Nakano, Yutaro Tobita, Masaaki Uchiyama, Akira Shimizu, Hiroshi Takahashi
- Journal
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Year
- 2022
- DOI
- 10.3390/ijms23179774
- Study Type
- Rat
- Outcome
- Positive
- Peer Reviewed
- Yes
- Country
- Japan
- Health Condition
- Chemical Eye Burns
- Body System
- Ophthalmologic
TL;DR
Washing the eye with hydrogen-rich water before an injury can help reduce inflammation and promote healing in rat eyes.
Key Finding
Prophylactic (preventive) hydrogen-rich water instillation reduced corneal injury size and inflammatory cell infiltration in rats exposed to alkali burns, with effects linked to increased antioxidant enzyme expression.
Summary
Researchers tested whether hydrogen-rich water applied to rat eyes before a chemical burn could prevent damage. They found that rats treated with hydrogen-rich water beforehand had smaller corneal injuries (the clear front part of the eye) and less inflammation compared to untreated rats. The hydrogen appeared to work by boosting the eye's natural antioxidant defenses (molecules that protect cells from damage).
Practical Takeaway
This rat study suggests hydrogen-rich water may have preventive benefits for eye injuries, not just treatment after damage occurs. However, this is early animal research only—human studies would be needed to determine if these findings apply to people, and the practical application of pre-treating eyes with hydrogen water before potential chemical exposure remains unclear.
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of hydrogen in pathological conditions such as inflammation; however, little is known about its prophylactic effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prophylactic effects of hydrogen-rich water instillation in a rat corneal alkali burn model. Hydrogen-rich water (hydrogen group) or physiological saline (vehicle group) was instilled continuously to the normal rat cornea for 5 min. At 6 h after instillation, the cornea was exposed to alkali. The area of corneal epithelial defect (CED) was measured every 6 h until 24 h after alkali exposure. In addition, at 6 and 24 h after injury, histological and immunohistochemical observations were made and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to investigate superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD)1, SOD2, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) mRNA expression. CED at 12 h and the number of inflammatory infiltrating cells at 6 h after injury were significantly smaller in the hydrogen group than the vehicle group. Furthermore, SOD1 expression was significantly higher in the hydrogen group than the vehicle group at both 6 and 24 h, and the number of PGC-1α-positive cells was significantly larger in the hydrogen group than the vehicle group at 6 h after injury. In this model, prophylactic instillation of hydrogen-rich water suppressed alkali burn-induced inflammation, likely by upregulating expression of antioxidants such as SOD1 and PGC-1α. Hydrogen has not only therapeutic potential but also prophylactic effects that may suppress corneal scarring following injury and promote wound healing.