Hydrogen Therapy Shows Promise for Chronic Kidney Disease Treatment
- Authors
- Cai-Mei Zheng, Yi-Chou Hou, Min-Tser Liao, Kuo-Wang Tsai, Wan-Chung Hu, Chein-Chih Yeh, Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Journal
- Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
- Year
- 2024
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116802
- Study Type
- clinical
- Peer Reviewed
- Yes
- Country
- Taiwan
- Health Condition
- Chronic Kidney Disease
- Body System
- Renal
TL;DR
Scientists found that a simple gas called molecular hydrogen might help protect kidneys from damage by getting rid of harmful molecules that build up and cause problems in people with chronic kidney disease. While lab tests look really promising, doctors still need to do more real-world testing with actual patients to prove it actually works.
Key Finding
Molecular hydrogen selectively neutralizes harmful free radicals while preserving beneficial reactive oxygen species and activates key antioxidant defense pathways, suggesting potential therapeutic value for chronic kidney disease.
Summary
This review examines how molecular hydrogen (H2) might help treat chronic kidney disease, a condition where the kidneys gradually lose function. The authors explain that kidney damage in this disease is driven by oxidative stress—an imbalance of harmful molecules called free radicals. Molecular hydrogen appears to neutralize these harmful molecules while preserving beneficial ones, and it activates the body's natural antioxidant defense systems. However, the authors note that while laboratory studies show promise, actual clinical trials in humans are still limited.
Practical Takeaway
While laboratory evidence suggests molecular hydrogen may help reduce oxidative stress in kidney disease, this is a review of existing research rather than a new clinical study. The authors emphasize that human clinical trials are still limited, so it remains unclear whether hydrogen water would actually benefit people with chronic kidney disease. Anyone with kidney disease should consult their doctor before trying hydrogen water or any new treatment.
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) development and progression, inducing kidney cell damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. However, effective therapeutic interventions to slow down CKD advancement are currently lacking. The multifaceted pharmacological effects of molecular hydrogen (H2) have made it a promising therapeutic avenue. H2 is capable of capturing harmful •OH and ONOO- while maintaining the crucial reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in cellular signaling. The NRF2-KEAP1 system, which manages cell redox balance, could be used to treat CKD. H2 activates this pathway, fortifying antioxidant defenses and scavenging ROS to counteract oxidative stress. H2 can improve NRF2 signaling by using the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and indirectly activate NRF2-KEAP1 in mitochondria. Additionally, H2 modulates NF-κB activity by regulating cellular redox status, inhibiting MAPK pathways, and maintaining Trx levels. Treatment with H2 also attenuates HIF signaling by neutralizing ROS while indirectly bolstering HIF-1α function. Furthermore, H2 affects FOXO factors and enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Despite the encouraging results of bench studies, clinical trials are still limited and require further investigation. The focus of this review is on hydrogen's role in treating renal diseases, with a specific focus on oxidative stress and redox signaling regulation, and it discusses its potential clinical applications.