Hydrogen Gas Improves Athletic Recovery and Reduces DNA Damage

Authors
Journal
Medical Gas Research
Year
DOI
10.4103/2045-9912.304222
Study Type
Human
Outcome
Positive
Peer Reviewed
Yes
Country
Japan
Health Condition
Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress
Body System
Muscular

TL;DR

Breathing in a hydrogen-rich gas after intense exercise may reduce DNA damage and help maintain jumping ability.

Key Finding

Inhaling hydrogen-rich gas during recovery after intense exercise reduced DNA oxidation markers and preserved jumping performance compared to placebo, suggesting hydrogen may protect cells from exercise-induced damage.

Summary

In this small study, eight physically active men either inhaled hydrogen-rich gas or regular air for one hour after completing an intense exercise session (running and jumping). Researchers measured markers of cellular damage and tested exercise performance afterward. Hydrogen inhalation reduced DNA damage (measured in urine) and helped preserve jumping ability compared to regular air, though other measures of muscle damage and performance showed no difference.

Practical Takeaway

This early evidence suggests hydrogen gas inhalation during recovery may help reduce cellular damage and maintain jumping ability after hard exercise. However, this was a very small study (8 men) with limited measures of benefit, so much larger research is needed before drawing firm conclusions about whether hydrogen gas offers practical recovery benefits for exercisers.

Abstract

Molecular hydrogen has been suggested to have a cytoprotective effect on the whole body and to enhance exercise performances. However, the effect of hydrogen-rich gas mixture (HG) inhalation on physiological responses has been poorly investigated. We examined the impact of acute HG inhalation on subsequent oxidative stress, muscle damage, and exercise performances during the recovery period after a strenuous exercise. This is a two-trial, double-blind, crossover, repeated measures study. Eight physically active male volunteers inhaled HG (estimated fraction of inspired oxygen and hydrogen were 21.57 and 4.08% at most, respectively) or normal gas (placebo, ambient air 400 m above sea level) during a 60-minute recovery phase after oxidative stress-inducing exercise) completion comprising 30-minute treadmill running at an intensity corresponding to 75% of maximal oxygen uptake and squat jumps (5 sets × 10 repetitions). Before oxidative stress-inducing exercise and 10 minutes after the post-exercise gas inhalation, blood and urine samples were obtained and exercise performances (jumping ability; pedaling power output; muscle strength) were evaluated. Post-exercise HG inhalation attenuated the increase in urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine excretion rate (P < 0.05), a DNA oxidation marker, and the reduction in the countermovement jump height (P < 0.05), compared with Placebo inhalation. Other exercise performances and blood oxidative stress and muscle damage markers did not differ between HG and Placebo inhalation. Moreover, the increase in urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine excretion rate was significantly associated with countermovement jump performance reduction (r = –0.78, P < 0.01). These findings suggested that HG inhalation during post-exercise recovery period might improve exercise performance via reducing systemic oxidative damage. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of Yamanashi (approval No. H29-006) on June 28, 2017.