Hydrogen Water Protects Brain Cells After Stroke in Rats

Authors
Journal
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Science
Year
DOI
10.22038/ijbms.2020.41751.9857
Study Type
Rat
Outcome
Positive
Peer Reviewed
Yes
Country
China
Health Condition
Ischemic Stroke
Body System
Nervous System

TL;DR

Hydrogen-rich saline may help reduce brain cell damage and improve brain function after a stroke in rats.

Key Finding

Hydrogen-rich saline reduced brain cell death after stroke-like injury in rats by activating protective pathways that fight oxidative stress, particularly by increasing a molecule called hydrogen sulfide in the hippocampus.

Summary

Researchers gave rats with stroke-like brain injuries (caused by temporarily blocking blood flow) either hydrogen-rich saline or a placebo. They found that hydrogen treatment reduced brain cell death in a region called the hippocampus by increasing levels of a protective molecule and reducing harmful oxidative stress (cellular damage from unstable molecules). The hydrogen appeared to work by activating the brain's natural antioxidant defenses.

Practical Takeaway

This rat study provides early evidence that hydrogen-rich saline may have neuroprotective effects against stroke-related brain injury, but human studies are needed before any conclusions can be drawn about its use in stroke patients. The findings are promising but limited to laboratory conditions in animals.

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the potential role of hydrogen in rats after cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Materials and methods: The experimental samples were composed of sham group, model group of rats that received middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 hr followed by reperfusion for 24 hr, and the hydrogen saline group treated by hydro¬gen-rich saline (1 ml/kg) after MCAO. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), S100-βprotein (S100-β), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels were measured; the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected; the histologic structure and apoptotic cells of hippocampus were observed; the expressions of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) test. Results: Our results showed that hydrogen up-regulated H2S levels via promoting the expression of CBS in the hippocampus, and its treatment alleviated oxidative stress via activating the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1, and then cell apoptosis reduced, furthermore, brain function improved by down-regulating the levels of S100-βand NSE. Conclusion: This study showed that hydrogen-rich saline ameliorates cell injury through up-regulating the expression of CBS in the hippocampus after cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) in rats, this provides new experimental evidence for the treatment of stroke with hydrogen saline.