Resveratrol Creates Hydrogen Gas in Cells for Antioxidant Protection

Authors
Journal
The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
Year
DOI
10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00368
Study Type
Molecular Assay
Outcome
Positive
Peer Reviewed
Yes
Country
Russia
Health Condition
Oxidative Stress
Body System
Cellular

TL;DR

Researchers discovered a new way that the antioxidant resveratrol may protect cells by capturing stray electrons and producing hydrogen molecules that can help with energy production in cells.

Key Finding

Resveratrol can capture electrons from mitochondria and convert them into hydrogen molecules, which the researchers suggest may explain how resveratrol provides antioxidant protection inside cells.

Summary

Researchers studied how resveratrol, a compound found in grapes and red wine, interacts with electrons at the molecular level. Using laboratory techniques and computer modeling, they discovered that resveratrol can capture electrons that leak from mitochondria (the energy-producing parts of cells) and convert them into hydrogen molecules. The study proposes this process as a new explanation for how resveratrol acts as an antioxidant (a substance that protects cells from damage).

Practical Takeaway

This is a laboratory study that proposes a theoretical mechanism—it has not been tested in living organisms or humans. While the proposed pathway is scientifically interesting, much more research would be needed to confirm whether this mechanism actually occurs in the body and whether it contributes meaningfully to resveratrol's health effects. This study does not provide evidence that hydrogen water specifically would have similar benefits.

Abstract

The electron-attaching properties of polyphenolic compound resveratrol were studied in vacuo by means of dissociative electron attachment (DEA) spectroscopy and in silico using density functional theory calculations. The most intense fragments generated by DEA to isolated resveratrol at thermal electron energy are semiquinone anions and neutral hydrogen molecules. On the basis of the present experimental and theoretical data, a new molecular mechanism for the antioxidant activity of resveratrol is presented. It is suggested that the activity of resveratrol in living cells is driven by dissociative attachment of electrons “leaked” from the respiratory chain to this polyphenolic molecule, followed by the formation of the H2 antioxidant species inside mitochondria and participation in mitochondrial energy biogenesis.