Hydrogenized water is known to have protective effects on cells and tissues, mainly through its antioxidant activities. Here we examined the protective effects of a commercial source of hydrogenized water on cultured human brain cells. Hydrogenized water was able to protect brain cells from oxidative stress and glutamate toxicity. At H 2 concentrations above 0.01 mM the glutathione levels increased in cultured brain cells. The level of glutathione rose from approximately 500 to approximately 850 μM at the maximum dose of hydrogenized water with an EC 50 of approximately 0.030 mM. Hydrogenized water was also able to enhance the signaling pathway for oxidative stress response mediated by Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2 like factor). Treatment of cells with hydrogenized water at concentrations above 0.01 mM H 2 induced activation of Nrf2 (EC 50 approximately 0.05 mM). Hydrogenized water was also able to protect brain cells against glutamate toxicity. Using a DNA damage response element, (γH2AX, to monitor the damage of glutamate toxicity we found that concentrations of H 2 above 0.01 mM protected cells from glutamate damage with an EC 50 of approximately 0.05 mM H 2. These in vitro results demonstrated that hydrogenized water can protect brain cells against common types of damage from oxidative stress and glutamate toxicity.
Objective: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is characterized by diffuse cerebral and central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Microglia play a vital role in protecting the brain from neuronal damage, which is closely related to inflammatory ...
The development and maintenance of morphine tolerance showed association with neuroinflammation and dysfunction of central glutamatergic system (such as nitration of glutamate transporter). Recent evidence indicated that hydrogen could reduce the ...
Background and purpose: Poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage still has a poor prognosis. This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated intracisternal magnesium sulfate infusion combined with intravenous hydrogen therapy in patients with ...
Objective: To explore the protective effect of hydrogen-rich water on the oxidative stress injury of astrocytes in mice and its effect on phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signal pathway. Methods: In vitro, mice astrocytes ...
The aim of the present study was to investigate long-term outcomes of the offspring in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced maternal immune activation (MIA) model and the effect of maternal molecular hydrogen (H2) administration. We have previously ...
Despite the well-known toxicity and the efforts to control its exposure, lead still has a serious health concern, particularly in young ages. Chelation therapy cannot correct the neurocognitive effects of chronic exposure. So, there is a requirement ...